Efficacy of EMDR for early intervention after a traumatic event: A systematic review and meta-analysis

J Psychiatr Res. 2024 Jun;174:73-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.019. Epub 2024 Apr 11.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a well-established psychological therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, based on the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines. However, these guidelines are not as consistent in recommending EMDR interventions for the early treatment of post-traumatic symptoms. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of EMDR therapy for early intervention after a traumatic event.

METHODS: A systematic search for randomized clinical trials has been carried out in the PUBMED, CINAHL, Psyc-INFO and Cochrane Library search engines. We included individuals exposed to a recent traumatic event (within 3 months of a traumatic incident). Outcomes on PTSD, depression and anxiety in post-treatment, and at follow-up at 3, 6 and 12 months, as well as on safety and tolerability were extracted.

RESULTS: A total of 11 RCTs were found. Studies showed beneficial effects of early EMDR interventions on post-traumatic symptoms at post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up. No differences were found between EMDR and no intervention or another intervention in the remaining analyses.

LIMITATIONS: The main limitations are the low quality of the studies, the small number of studies per outcome assessed, and the small sample sizes.

CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence for the short-term beneficial effect of early EMDR interventions on post-traumatic symptoms. Although it appears to be a safe therapeutic choice, more studies are necessary that include safety data.

PMID:38626564 | DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.019